RISC-V Ten Billion Chip Era: Reconstruction and Opportunities of the Electronic Components Industry (2025-08-06)

1. Core milestones: 10 billion shipments, led by China

1. Industrial scale and pattern

• Global shipping:2024Over 10 billion pieces, expected in 202530 billion, annual growth rateOver 40%Weibo。
• China's contribution: accounting for global50%+, domestic RISC-V chips account for global shipments40%+, MCU annual growth rate42%。
• Application distribution：30% for AI acceleration, industrial control, smart home, and automotive electronics account for a total of75%。

2. Core advantages: breaking monopoly, reducing costs and increasing efficiency

• Zero licensing fee: Compared with ARM (2.5%-15% patent fee), RISC-V makes domestic MCU/SoC more expensiveStraight discount 10%-20%。
• Modular customization: Supports 512-4096 bit vector extension, suitable for sweeping robots, action cameras, etc.Fragmented scene。
• Ecological openness: No patent barriers, attracting global developers,The rapid rise of domestic IP/EDA。

2. Industrial chain reconstruction: from following to leading, forming a closed loop

1. Design side: Domestic IP breakthrough, performance close to ARM

• Black Iron Series (Ali): C950 single-core performanceSPECint2006 breaks 70 points, 5nm process, main frequency 3.2GHz, native support for large models with hundreds of billions of parameters.
• Xinlai Technology: NA900 became the world’s firstISO 26262 ASIL-B/DCertified RISC-V CPU IP, covering automotive and industrial applications.
• Andes Technology: AX66 processor IP performanceApproaching ARM Cortex-A78, Promote the autonomy of domestic tool chains.

2. Manufacturing end: tilted production capacity, mature technology

• SMIC, Huahong: will28nm/14nmProduction capacity shifts to RISC-V to support mass production of high-performance chipsWeibo。
• Changdian Technology: Undertake **70%+** RISC-V chip packaging and testing to ensure supply chain securityWeibo。

3. Ecological side: complete tool chain, accelerated software adaptation

• operating system: Huawei Hongmeng and Tongxin UOS completed RISC-V adaptation, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences Ruyi speeded up system startup40%, power consumption reduction30%。
• development tools: Fully supported by IAR and GCC, domestic EDA (BGI Jiutian, Xinhuazhang) achieves full-process coverage of RISC-V.
• International giants enter the game: NVIDIA announcedCUDA fully ported to RISC-V, all future controller chips will use RISC-V.

3. Application explosion: AI and automobiles become strategic high ground

1. AI acceleration: first choice for reasoning, computing power jumps

• Tenstorrent Blackhole: 16 large cores + 752 small cores, heterogeneous design, computing power745TOPS, for large model inference.
• ZTE Microelectronics: Chiplet technology realizes efficient CPU-GPU interconnection and reduces the cost of large model inference35% off。
• Xuantie C930: Integrated 512-bit vector engine + 8TOPS matrix accelerator, AI inference energy consumption30% off。

2. Automotive electronics: from substitution to definition, car regulations are implemented

• Bauhinia M100: The world’s firstMass production launchedRISC-V automotive-grade chip for body control, available in 2026 models.
• Dongfeng DF30: A high-performance automotive-grade MCU that can be independently controlled throughout the entire process and has passed rigorous testing.
• Silicone SA32D：ASIL-DLevel, covering BMS, electric drive, and domain control, and has been designated by 9 car companies.
• International layout: Bosch and Tesla accelerate RISC-V cockpit chips and promote domestic car coresFrom substitution to definition。

3. Other scenarios: full penetration

• industrial control: PLC, frequency converter, robot controller, replacement rateOver 30%。
• consumer electronics: Quanzhi R128 will be shipped in 2018tens of millions, used for sweeping robots and action cameras.
• Internet of Things: Low-power MCU, shipped in 2018Billions, the cost is only the ARM solution1/3。

4. Industry changes: Reshaping of competitive landscape and technological routes

1. Competitive landscape: break the duopoly and achieve diversified symbiosis

• ARM: The high-end market still dominates, but the mid- to low-end market is rapidly being eroded by RISC-V, and the licensing model is affected.
• x86: The server and PC fields are stable, but the market share of edge computing and AIoT is declining.
• RISC-V: inMCU, IoT, AI edge, automotive electronicsRising rapidly, it is expected to account for **25%** of the global share in 2030.

2. Technical route: from standardization to customization

• Chip design: Shift from general chipScene customization chip, shorten the research and development cycle and reduce costs.
• System architecture: Heterogeneous computing (RISC-V CPU+NPU+GPU) has become mainstream,Computing power density increased by 5-10 times。
• supply chain: Shift from single dependencyDiverse collaboration, domestic substitution is accelerating, and supply chain resilience is enhanced.

5. Opportunities and Challenges: Enterprise Transformation Strategies

1. Core Opportunities

• Domestic replacement: In fields such as analog, power supply, MCU, etc., withCost-effectiveness + localizationBreakthrough quickly.
• technological innovation: focusAI acceleration, automotive grade, high-performance computing, build differentiation barriers.
• Ecological co-construction: Transformation from product providerEcological co-builder, share the open source dividends.

2. Main challenges

• ecological maturity: Compared with ARM, the software and tool chain still need to be improved.
• High-end performance: In fields such as servers and PCs, there is still a performance gap with x86/ARM.
• Unified standards: The instruction set is fragmented and needs to be strengthenedStandardizationconstruction.

3. Corporate response strategies

• chip design company: Increase RISC-V R&D and layoutAutomotive/industrial grade, promoting AEC-Q100 and other certifications.
• Downstream manufacturers:AdoptRISC-V+ARMDual architecture reduces costs and improves supply chain security.
• Distributor:Building RISC-VAlternative selection database, providing one-stop supply chain solutions.

6. Future trends: open intelligence, integrated development

1. The scale continues to increase: Global shipments in 2030170 billion, China’s share of60%+。
2. Comprehensive breakthrough in performance: RISC-V processor performanceTied x86/ARM, entering the mainstream market of servers and PCs.
3. Deep technology integration: Combined with AI, storage and calculation integration, Chiplet and other technologies,Computing power and energy efficiency reach new heights。
4. Ecological global leadership: China becomes RISC-VTechnological Innovation and Industrial Applicationcore engine.

Summary