Each Category Of Storage Chips, Who's Profitability?

1. Storage chip subdivision type

The storage chip can be roughly divided into easy loss of storage chips (RAM) and non -volatile storage chips (ROM) based on functional, read data methods, and data storage principles.

(1) RAM

(2) ROM

2. Dueling of mainstream storage technology

(1) DRAM

1. Category by product: DRAM is mainly divided into DDR, LPDDR, GDDR and new storage HBM.
   • DDR (Double Data Rate) is double -rate synchronous dynamic random access to memory. It is suitable for computers, servers and other high -performance computing devices. At present, DDR3, DDR4 and DDR5 are widely used.
   • LPDDR (Low Power Double Data Rate) is the low -power double -time data rate memory. It is suitable for long -term use of mobile devices and embedded systems. For example, mobile phones and tablets. Currently, LPDDR4 and LPDDR5 are widely used.
   • GDDR (Graphics Double Data Rate) is an G (Graphics) prefix on the basis of DDR. It is designed for high -performance memory designed for data -intensive applications that require high throughput. It is mainly used in the field of graphics cards.
   • HBM (High Bandwidth Memory) is also a type of DRAM.HBM has obvious advantages in terms of bandwidth, power consumption, and packaging volume. It is especially suitable for high -performance computing, graphic processing and data centers to meet high demand for memory bandwidth and capacity.Compared with the traditional GDDR memory, HBM memory has higher bandwidth and lower energy consumption, and can provide faster data transmission speed and higher performance.
2. Divide according to the market: DRAM can be divided into mainstream DRAM and R & F DRAM.The main participants of the mainstream DRAM market are Samsung, Micron and Hynix, and the head DRAM of mainland China is also constantly making new breakthroughs.Participants in the Riki DRAM market are relatively scattered. In addition to Samsung and Micron, they also include companies such as Zhaoyi Innovation and Beijing Junzheng in mainland China.

(2) Two Flash

1. NAND Flash
   • NAND FLASH memory is a non -volatile storage technology. Compared with traditional storage solutions, it provides faster reading and writing speed, higher storage capacity and better energy efficiency.The NAND FLASH unit stores data in a storage unit, and each unit can store multiple information.
   • Divided by technology: Different types of NAND Flash, such as SLC, MLC, TLC, and QLC, which are different depending on their data density, durability and cost benefits.
     • SLC NAND Flash is the highest -cost but durable NAND Flash memory type. It is usually used for enterprise -level applications that require high -performance and data integrity, such as industrial automation, medical equipment and aviation systems.However, SLC NAND's storage density is low, resulting in higher costs per GB than other types of NAND Flash.
     • MLC NAND Flash stores multiple information for each storage unit, usually two places.This increases the storage density and reduces the cost compared with SLC NAND, and is suitable for consumer SSD, digital cameras and portable media players.
     • TLC NAND Flash further increases storage density, and each storage unit stores three -bit information.The cost of TLC NAND is even lower than MLC NAND, making it an attractive choice for consumer electronics and mainstream SSDs.
     • QLC NAND Flash is the latest progress of NAND Flash technology, providing the highest storage density and cost benefits.It is usually used in the application of entry -level consumers solid -state hard disks and large -capacity storage applications.
   • Divided by product application: NAND FLASH particles are widely used in solid -state hard disks, embedded storage products (EMMC), memory cards (SD cards), and U disks.
     • Solid State Disk or Solid State Drive (SSD), also known as solid -state drive, is a computer storage device using flash memory as a storage medium.Its core function is to store data, which has the advantages of fast reading and writing speed, anti -vibration, low energy consumption, small volume, small noise, etc., but there are also disadvantages such as high price, capacity limit, short life, and data loss.According to different interface standards, solid -state hard disks can be divided into various types such as SATA, PCIE, U.2. Among them, SATA interface's solid -state hard disk occupies the largest market share.
     • EMMC (embedded multimedia card) is an embedded storage solution that is common in mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets.It integrates NAND FLASH and controller, providing high -speed reading and writing performance, simplifying system design, and reducing development complexity.
     • USB Flash Disk, full name USB flash driver.It is a micro -high -capacity mobile storage product that does not require a physical drive with a USB interface.
   • The world's NAND Flash manufacturers mainly include Samsung Electronics, Armor, SK Hynix, Western Data, Micron Technology, etc. The industry concentration is high and the competitive pattern is relatively stable.
2. NOR Flash
   • Nor Flash has the characteristics of fast reading speed, random access ability, single byte programming and high reliability, and occupy an important position in the application scenarios that requires direct execution of code.However, compared with the mainstream NAND Flash, Nor Flash's disadvantages are also obvious, including: low capacity density, slow writing speed, slow erase speed, high price, etc.
   • Nevertheless, Nor Flash is still difficult to be eliminated by the market, because NOR FLASH does not have to read the code into the system RAM due to the characteristics of the address line and the data cable.Quickly read speed, stronger reliability and longer service life.
   • The main application areas of small capacity NOR FLASH include computer cameras and computer peripheral accessories, such as USB external hard disks, Type-C interface extender, etc.; Display panel modules, WIFI modules and other fields also have applications.The field of large -capacity NOR FLASH applications covers computer motherboards, security monitoring, instrumentation, electronic labels, wearable devices, automotive electronics, etc.
   • The Nor Flash competition pattern is relatively concentrated, and the total market share of Huabang, Wanghong and Zhaoyi Innovation accounted for over 90%.

Third, the price increase strategy of different products

(1) In DRAM products, DDR4 and DDR5 have a significant rise, HBM is the most rapid

1. DDR3: Due to Samsung, SK Hynix, and Micron gradually withdrawn from the market, turning to emerging fields such as HBM and DDR5, the supply of DDR3 has decreased.At the same time, the increase in demand for AI and Netcom, and AI technology to promote the upgrade of the DDR3 capacity of the terminal product. Since the second half of 2023, the price of DDR3 has risen. It is expectedThe price increases the price of DDR3 by 20%.
2. DDR4 and DDR5: The main force increased in the first half of the year.In the first quarter, the price of DDR4 rose, and the DDR4 contract price in PC DRAM rose about 10%-15%; the increase in the second quarter decreased slightly to 3%-8%, and the mobile terminal increased higher, reaching 5%-10%.Affected by the production capacity of HBM3/3E and the demand for AI server, in order to balance supply and demand, the output of DDR5 increased, and the price rose. In the first quarter, SK Hynix's price increased by 15%-20%.DDR5 in PC and Server DRAM rose about 10%-15%in the first quarter, and continued to rise in the second quarter.Recently, the DRAM factory announced that the DDR5 memory price in the third quarter of 2024 will increase again, and it is expected to rise by more than 15%.
3. LPDDR and GDDR: In May this year, the supply chain reported that the SK Hynix plans to increase the price of storage products such as LPDDR5, LPDDR4, NAND, and DDR5, which is expected to increase by 15%-20%.At the same time, with the popularity of artificial intelligence, the demand for HBM (high -band wide storage) has increased, and Samsung and SK Hynix convert some DRAM production lines into HBM production lines, which has reduced the supply of DRAM.Product price.It is reported that in the first quarter of 2024, the price of memory (GDDR) for graphics cards increased by about 13%-18%, especially the demand for 2GB GDDR6 was strong.

(2) In NAND Flash products, SSD increased price in the fourth quarter

1. Enterprise SSD: In the second quarter of 2024, the price increase was higher.According to the report of the TrendForce Jigang Consultation, affected by the increase in demand in the North American and China Cloud service industry, the increase in procurement volume, the contract price of enterprise-level SSD (Enterprise SSD) increased by 20%-25%in the quarter, which was much higher than that of other products.
2. Consumer SSD: About 10%-15%.In the first quarter of 2024, the price of consumer SSDs has risen sharply, an increase of 23%-28%, but in the second quarter, due to the off-end sales of the terminal, the buyer's stock preparation strategy is conservative.The amplitude is less than the enterprise -level SSD.
3. eMMC/UFS: It is expected to rise by about 10%.Although the demand for the Southeast Asia and India's smartphone market has increased significantly in the near future, especially Chinese brands have increased orders in advance and have established a secure inventory level, the overall demand and market size have been smaller than the enterprise -level SSD, so the price increase is relatively mild.In the first quarter of 2024, the EMMC/UFS increased by 25%-30%, slightly higher than the consumer-level SSD and enterprise-level SSD.

(3) NOR FLASH products also began tentative price increases in the first half of this year, and the price increase was between 10-15%.

4. Who is the product with the strongest profitability?